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Western fear of escalation will hand Putin an historic victory in Ukraine

Millions of Ukrainians watched with mixed emotions over the weekend as a coalition of countries came together to protect Israeli airspace from Iranian bombardment. Ukraine’s reaction was hardly surprising. After all, this impressive display of international air defense efficiency was exactly what the Ukrainians themselves have been pleading for ever since Russia’s full-scale invasion of their country began in February 2022.

In the aftermath of the operation to defend Israel, Western officials moved quickly to reject any direct comparisons with Ukraine. “Different conflicts, different airspace, different threat picture,” commented US National Security Council spokesman John Kirby. UK Foreign Secretary David Cameron was even more explicit, stating that the use of British jets to shoot down Russian drones in Ukraine would lead to a “dangerous escalation” in the war.

For Ukrainian audiences, Cameron’s anti-escalation argument was all too familiar. For the past two years, Ukraine’s Western partners have sought to strike a delicate balance between aiding the country’s self-defense and avoiding anything that could lead to a wider European war. This overriding fear of escalation has shaped the Western response to Russia’s invasion, and has been masterfully exploited by Putin to restrict military support for Ukraine.

On the eve of Russia’s full-scale invasion, fear of escalation was already deterring Western leaders from delivering weapons to Ukraine. Once the attack had begun, it took precious months for the Biden administration to send artillery and HIMARS missile systems. Almost an entire year had passed before Western partners finally agreed on plans to deliver a relatively small number of modern tanks.

This pattern of delays and half-measures shows no signs of changing. With the Russian invasion now well into its third year, Ukraine is still waiting to receive the first batch of F16 fighter jets. Meanwhile, officials in Kyiv are desperately calling on partners to provide them with long-range missiles and air defense systems.

The West’s preoccupation with avoiding escalation at all costs goes against basic military doctrine and has been instrumental in preventing greater Ukrainian battlefield success. When Putin’s invasion force was at its weakest in 2022, Ukraine was denied the support it needed to break through Russia’s vulnerable defensive lines in the south. By the time Kyiv’s partners had agreed to create the necessary offensive force, it was too late; Moscow had mobilized an additional 300,000 troops and fortified the front lines of the war.

Throughout the invasion, Russia has consistently fed Western fears of escalation through a mixture of bellicose statements, back channel signalling, and clever influence operations. The Kremlin’s most effective intimidation tactic has been nuclear blackmail. In late 2022, for example, US intercepts began picking up vague but alarming “chatter” about Russian preparations for the use of nuclear weapons.

Many believe this was a deliberate ploy to boost the credibility of Putin’s public nuclear saber-rattling. It appears to have worked. The intel led to heated debate in the White House and nuclear wargaming in the Pentagon, with Biden administration officials engaging in renewed diplomatic outreach to Moscow. Crucially, concerns over a possible Russian nuclear response dampened Western enthusiasm to press home Ukraine’s advantage at a time when Putin’s army was retreating in disarray.

In addition to blunting Ukraine’s offensive capabilities, the West’s desire to avoid escalation is undermining Kyiv’s ability to defend itself. For the past two years, Ukraine has been blocked from using Western weapons against targets inside Russia. In recent weeks, US officials have even objected to Ukraine using its own weapons to attack Russian refineries.

These artificial restrictions have created an unprecedented situation that aggravates the existing imbalance of forces between Russia and Ukraine. While Russia is able to bomb Ukrainian infrastructure at will, Ukrainian commanders are severely limited in their ability to target the air bases, production facilities, and logistical hubs inside Russia that are being used to attack Ukraine.

The West’s emphasis on escalation management has prolonged the war in Ukraine, allowing Russia to overcome initial setbacks and regain the initiative. It has prevented the Ukrainian military from building on the momentum of late 2022, and has turned a dynamic war of movement into an attritional fight that heavily favors Russia. By allowing themselves to be intimidated by the threat of Russian escalation, Western leaders have granted Putin an effective veto over various categories of military aid for Ukraine. This lack of Western resolve has inevitably emboldened the Russian dictator.

Policymakers in Europe and the US must now decide whether they wish to continue with this losing strategy or finally commit to a Ukrainian victory. It is still not too late to adopt a more sensible military strategy, but the clock is ticking. Unless Ukraine is given the tools to defeat Russia on the battlefield, Putin will secure an historic victory that will transform the international security climate. If that happens, today’s emphasis on avoiding escalation will come to be seen as the biggest geopolitical blunder since the appeasement policies of the 1930s.

Mykola Bielieskov is a research fellow at the National Institute for Strategic Studies and a senior analyst at Ukrainian NGO “Come Back Alive.” The views expressed in this article are the author’s personal position and do not reflect the opinions or views of NISS or Come Back Alive.

Western fear of escalation will hand Putin an historic victory in Ukraine

17 comments

  1. Cowardice runs deep in the West. The orcs are fucking laughing at our spineless leaders as the scum destroy Ukraine bit by bit.

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  2. “Unless Ukraine is given the tools to defeat Russia on the battlefield, Putin will secure an historic victory that will transform the international security climate.”

    Not only that, but in the process of subjugating Ukraine, the horrors of Bucha, Izium, Mariupol and so many others, will be replicated on an indefinite basis. There will be a shattering orgy of rape, torture, dismemberment, child murder and genocide that will be worse than the Holocaust and the Holodomor combined.
    Russia is evil.
    The recalcitrance of the allies is beyond belief and the assistance provided to putler by the magaputler genocide fans is beyond evil.

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    • Nobody helped putler more than Biden and Obama. I wouldn’t call Biden and Obama, “magaputler” fans. Guess who was president during both invasions? That’s right, Biden and Obama, not magaputlers… There is a template for fairness for you friend.

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      • Look at Biden! Obumer!
        Not at Johnson and Trump.
        Biden! Obumer! Please!

        #whataboutism

        ^bert

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        • In case you missed it, foreigner, putin invaded Ukraine in 2014 (Biden-Obama) and in 2022 (Biden-Harris). They have Ukrainian blood on their hands. If you don’t like facts, take your multi-personality disorder somewhere else kid.

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          • Who was president in 2014? Vladolf Putler.
            Who was president in 2022? Vladolf Putler.
            Who invaded Crimea? Vladolf Putler.
            Who invaded Ukraine? Vladolf Putler.

            Reply

  4. Johnson wants his own aid bill for Ukraine to be voted for in July…………………………

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  6. This is precisely why I believe Putin will build troops in Belarus on the boarders of Poland and Lithuania leading up to the election. It will look very much like WW3 is about to transition to a new front line. Everyone in the collective West will crap their pants. Trump will be blamed, rightfully so, for blocking support and thus helping to strengthen Russia. The election may very well go to Biden as voters generally stick with the same guy when it comes to war. This will please Putin because he can continue winning in Ukraine. I know some think Putin favors Trump but 1) Putin said he likes Biden and I believe him on this point although he generally lies about everything; and 2) Trump is unpredictable. Putin knows he can win with Biden. If Trump wins the election, Putin has 150K troops on the border with NATO to threaten Trump whose Achilles heel is war, US boots on the ground. It’s a win-win for putin. And before anyone says Trump will hand Putin a victory – nope. That’s not how you MAGA, by letting Putin embarrass the U.S. Too many Republicans remember Reagan.

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  7. President Biden the indecisive, inconsistent, and incompetent and the Pentagon’s primary guiding principle in Gaza as well as in Ukraine – make sure no one wins! Thereby massively increasing military as well as civilian casualties and resulting in more “forever” wars.

    With Ukraine aid, a total lack of courage by the Republican Speaker! Such gross incompetence and nonexistent leadership by Biden or whoever it is who is in actual control in the White House! I curse the entire corrupt, self serving, and incompetent DC uniparty elites! A pox on all of you!

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